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	<title>The Civil War by LearnCivilWarHistory.com</title>
	<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog</link>
	<description>A Blog of Civil War History and Stories</description>
	<lastBuildDate>Sun, 07 Mar 2010 21:43:48 +0000</lastBuildDate>
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		<title>The Battle Cry of Freedom</title>
		<description><![CDATA[Root was a prolific patriotic composer, eventually writing over 200 songs. His "The Battle Cry of Freedom" was arguably the most popular of his many compositions.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/the-battle-cry-of-freedom.html</link>
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		<title>Andrew Johnson Drunk at Lincoln&#8217;s Second Inaugural</title>
		<description><![CDATA[Johnson did not feel well before the inauguration, so he downed three glasses of "medicinal" whiskey before entering the Senate chamber. As Johnson walked into the chamber, he was leaning on Hannibal Hamlin's arm and appeared to be unsteady. Abraham Lincoln's new vice-president was drunk on inauguration day.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/andrew-johnson-drunk-at-lincolns-second-inaugural.html</link>
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		<title>Hardtack Described</title>
		<description><![CDATA[For both Billy Yanks and Johnny Rebs, a common food was hardtack. Hardtack was a quarter-inch thick square cracker or biscuit baked from unleavened flour, water, and salt. It was inexpensive and durable, qualities making it suitable for military campaigning.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/hardtack-described.html</link>
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		<title>Civil War Leadership &#8211; Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain</title>
		<description><![CDATA[Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain at Gettysburg, an example of why it is important to Learn Civil War History.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/joshua-lawrence-chamberlain.html</link>
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		<title>Civil War Re-enactors Settle Battle</title>
		<description><![CDATA[A judge says it's a draw between two Union and Confederate re-enactors who got into a tussle on the battlefield.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/civil-war-re-enactors-settle-battle.html</link>
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		<title>Civil War Christmas Days</title>
		<description><![CDATA[Despite the entertaining story of Thomas Nast, Abraham Lincoln, and Santa Claus on the cover of Harper's Weekly,  on Christmas day during the Civil War, fighting and dying did not pause for celebration of the Savior's birth. Mankind's sinful nature was fully demonstrated on Christmas day as the Civil War was fought.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/civil-war-christmas-days.html</link>
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		<title>Ulysses S. Grant Notes and Facts</title>
		<description><![CDATA[Ulysses S. Grant was born on April 27, 1822 at Point Pleasant, Ohio. Point Pleasant is a community east of Cincinnati on the Ohio River. Grant's father, Jesse, was a tanner.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/ulysses-s-grant.html</link>
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		<title>Abraham Lincoln&#8217;s Second Inaugural Address</title>
		<description><![CDATA[Abraham Lincoln was now fifty-six years old. At six feet and four inches tall, Lincoln often wore clothes that did not fit just right, he was described as being gawky or awkward. Lincoln had a tenor, falsetto-like voice, and he'd had only one year of formal education. Nothing about Abraham Lincoln would lead people to think this man was a powerful speaker.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/abraham-lincolns-second-inauguration.html</link>
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		<title>West Virginia Becomes a State</title>
		<description><![CDATA[Virginia seceded from the Union on April 17, 1861 to become part of the Confederate States of America. While the people of Virginia east of the Allegheny Mountains were pleased with the state's secession, the Virginians who lived west of the Alleghenies, were not pleased to secede from the Union.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/west-virginia-becomes-a-state.html</link>
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		<title>Virginia Ordinance of Secession</title>
		<description><![CDATA[The second wave of states to secede from the Union was made up of states from the upper South. These states were: Arkansas, Tennessee, North Carolina, and Virginia.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/virginia-ordinance-of-secession.html</link>
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		<title>Civil War Mules</title>
		<description><![CDATA[During the Civil War, mules would often be used to pull wagons full of supplies, forage, or ammunition. Mules would be worked in teams of six and hitched to a wagon in tandem. The mule driver would ride on the back of the mule nearest to the wagon and on the right side. The mule driver kept his authority over the mules, no small task as mules are often very uncooperative, with a whip called a black snake.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/civil-war-mules.html</link>
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		<title>The Rebel Yell</title>
		<description><![CDATA[Has the Rebel Yell been lost to history? Those who fought in the Civil War have long ago left us, they can no longer give the Rebel Yell, or tell us what it sounded like. But, maybe not! Here are some videos that possibly bring the Rebel Yell to our ears today ...]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/the-rebel-yell.html</link>
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		<title>The Sullivan Ballou Letter</title>
		<description><![CDATA[Sarah, my love for you is deathless, it seems to bind me with mighty cables that nothing but omnipotence can break; and yet my love of Country comes over me like a strong wind and bears me irresistibly with all those chains to the battlefield. The memory of all the blissful moments I have enjoyed with you come crowding over me, and I feel most deeply grateful to God and you, that I have enjoyed them for so long. And how hard it is for me to give them up and burn to ashes the hopes and future years, when, God willing, we might still have lived and loved together, and see our boys grown up to honorable manhood around us.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/sullivan-ballou-letter.html</link>
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		<title>End of the Civil War</title>
		<description><![CDATA[With these words of President Johnson, the Civil War was now officially decreed to be over. Reconstruction was underway as the nation worked to rebuild all that had been destroyed in the Civil War.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/official-end-of-the-civil-war.html</link>
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		<title>The Anaconda Plan</title>
		<description><![CDATA[General-in-Chief Winfield Scott's Anaconda Plan was a strategy to blockade the South by sea, and gain control of the Mississippi River. This would split the South, and eventually deprive it economically.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/anaconda-plan.html</link>
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		<title>Seeing the Elephant</title>
		<description><![CDATA[During the Civil War, soldiers would speak about  "Seeing the elephant." The "elephant" was battle, combat, being under enemy fire.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/seeing-the-elephant.html</link>
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		<title>Acoustic Shadow</title>
		<description><![CDATA[Acoustic Shadow (sometimes called Silent Battle) is a strange thing. It is a phenomenon where sound is unheard close to the cause of the sound, but the same sound is heard a far distance away from its source. With a unique combination of factors such as wind, weather, temperature, land topography, forest or other vegetation, and elevation, battles sounds are not heard at a distance they normally would clearly be heard.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/acoustic-shadow.html</link>
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		<title>St. Albans Raid</title>
		<description><![CDATA[The friendly young men are actually Confederate cavalrymen who were taken prisoner by Union troops, but had escaped to Canada. They were at St. Albans on authority of the Confederate government to steal money for the Confederate Treasury and to distract Federal troops away from their lines. They were not friendly.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/st-albans-raid.html</link>
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		<title>Gettysburg 146th Anniversary</title>
		<description><![CDATA[Today is the 146th anniversary of the Battle of Gettysburg.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/gettysburg.html</link>
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		<title>Ashokan Farewell</title>
		<description><![CDATA[The Ashokan Farewell music served as the theme for The Civil War by Ken Burns. It is hauntingly unforgettable. The song is heard 25 times during the miniseries and is the background music for the reading of the Sullivan Ballou letter. Ashokan Farewell was a perfect match for the story and scenes of The Civil War miniseries.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/ashokan-farewell.html</link>
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		<title>Belle Boyd Civil War Spy</title>
		<description><![CDATA[Young, attractive Belle Boyd was a Confederate spy. Belle was born in Martinsburg, Virginia (Martinsburg is now part of West Virginia) and was only seventeen when the Civil War started. She had a knack for listening in on the conversations of Union officers who patronized her father's Front Royal hotel. Her familiarity with the countryside of the Shenandoah Valley provided the Confederates with valuable information in the spring of 1862.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/belle-boyd-civil-war-spy.html</link>
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		<title>Johnny Clem</title>
		<description><![CDATA[In June 1861, a small lad in Newark, Ohio gazed at Union troops marching through his town and despite his too young age, he wanted to join up and fight in the Civil War. The boy's name was John Joseph Klem.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/johnny-clem.html</link>
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		<title>Lorena&#8217;s Reply</title>
		<description><![CDATA[Lorena's Reply was also written by Reverend H. D. L. Webster and was published in 1863, six years after Lorena.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/lorenas-reply.html</link>
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		<title>Lorena</title>
		<description><![CDATA[Lorena was published in 1857, it became one of the most popular songs of the Civil War. Lorena was a special favorite of the Confederate army. The song has a beautiful melody, the lyrics are by Reverend H. D. L. Webster, but the actual origin of this song is uncertain. With the success of Lorena, many babies, towns, and even at least won steamship, were named Lorena.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/the-years-creep-slowly-by-lorena.html</link>
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		<title>Jine the Cavalry</title>
		<description><![CDATA[If you want to have a good time, jine the cavalry! Jine the cavalry! Jine the cavalry! If you want to catch the Devil, if you want to have fun, If you want to smell Hell, jine the cavalry!]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/jine-the-cavalry.html</link>
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		<title>When Johnny Comes Marching Home</title>
		<description><![CDATA[When Johnny comes marching home again, Hurrah! Hurrah! We'll give him a hearty welcome then Hurrah! Hurrah! The men will cheer and the boys will shout The ladies they will all turn out And we'll all feel gay when Johnny comes marching home]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/when-johnny-comes-marching-home.html</link>
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		<title>Alexander Stephens</title>
		<description><![CDATA[Despite Stephens's sickly body, behind his dark eyes he was blessed with a brilliant mind. His childhood was a difficult one, Stephens's mother died soon after he was born, then his farmer and schoolteacher father died when Little Aleck was 14-years-old.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/alexander-stephens.html</link>
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		<title>Abraham Lincoln Elected to his Second Term as President</title>
		<description><![CDATA[This was one of the few elections in world history held in the middle of a civil war. As the country’s president and with the circumstances of the ongoing Civil War, Lincoln might have tried to cancel or postpone the election until the war was over.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/abraham-lincoln-elected-to-his-second-term-as-president.html</link>
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		<title>Ball&#8217;s Bluff</title>
		<description><![CDATA[Ball's Bluff was a Union disaster. A day that was once interlaced with poetry, was now more appropriate as a subject for a dirge. Back in Washington, Abraham Lincoln would now mourn a Union loss, and the death of a close friend.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/balls-bluff.html</link>
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		<title>Swamp Angel</title>
		<description><![CDATA[The "Swamp Angel" is a Union 200-pounder Parrott Gun. It was used on August 22-23, 1863 on Morris Island in Charleston Harbor, South Carolina to shell nearby Charleston.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/swamp-angel-2.html</link>
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		<title>John Buford</title>
		<description><![CDATA[The Battle of Gettysburg began when two brigades of unmounted Union cavalry led by John Buford, clashed with Confederate soldiers of General Henry Heth’s division. Buford and his cavalry were reconnoitering ahead of the army in Pennsylvania and discovered the Confederates as they were advancing on Gettysburg. Buford knew the importance of Gettysburg as a transportation junction, and the value of the high ground northwest of town.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/john-buford.html</link>
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		<title>General John Buford’s Spencer Carbine Rifles</title>
		<description><![CDATA[As General John Buford’s unmounted cavalry held the high ground for the Union on July 1, 1863 on the outskirts of Gettysburg, they had a technological advantage over the Confederates they were fighting.

Buford’s unmounted cavalry used breech-loading Spencer carbine rifles. These rifles allowed the Union men to fire at a rate comparable to a larger unit of men.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/general-john-bufords-spencer-carbine-rifles.html</link>
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		<title>Robert Smalls</title>
		<description><![CDATA[On May 13, 1862 slave Robert Smalls dressed as the Planter’s captain, and with help from family and other slaves, he commandeered the boat. As a ship pilot, Smalls knew the necessary signals that would allow the Planter to get by the Rebel-held Fort Sumter.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/robert-smalls.html</link>
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		<title>Artillery</title>
		<description><![CDATA[Artillery during the Civil War was not comparable to today’s high-tech military weapon systems, but it was state of the art for the 19th century.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/artillery.html</link>
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		<title>Civil War Army Organization and Order of Rank</title>
		<description><![CDATA[Here is an explanation of the basic way both the Union and Confederate armies were organized. The units are listed from the largest to the smallest. The descriptions below can be considered the ideal, or desired make up of the units. As the Civil War progressed, the size of the various units would change due to loss of men by disease, death, or injury. The force of men an army could bring would be added to, and subtracted from, with the ebb and flow of war.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/civil-war-army-organization-and-order-of-rank.html</link>
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		<title>Thirteenth Amendment Abolishes Slavery</title>
		<description><![CDATA[The Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution abolished slavery in the United States.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/thirteenth-amendment-abolishes-slavery-2.html</link>
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		<title>Civil War Speech</title>
		<description><![CDATA[The soldiers of the Civil War had their own way of saying things. The words, slang, and phrases of Billy Yank (a Union soldier), Johnny Reb (a Confederate soldier), and the civilians of the 19th century are unique and strange to our modern day ears. Their language reflected their lives and times, and it was rich and colorful.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/civil-war-speech.html</link>
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		<title>Clara Barton</title>
		<description><![CDATA[In 1877, Clara Barton organized the American National Committee, three years later it became the American Red Cross and she served as its first president. Barton published a book in 1882, History of the Red Cross. Barton retired from the Red Cross to her home at Glen Echo, outside of Washington, D.C. in 1904. She died on April 12, 1912.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/clara-barton.html</link>
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		<title>Slavery</title>
		<description><![CDATA[Until the cleansing of the Civil War, slavery was a fact in the United States. The bloodshed of the Civil War brought an end to slavery and kept this nation as an undivided union of states.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/slavery.html</link>
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		<title>Doctor Samuel Alexander Mudd</title>
		<description><![CDATA[Doctor Samuel Alexander Mudd was the physician who treated assassin John Wilkes Booth’s broken left leg after Booth shot President Abraham Lincoln. Booth had broken his leg when he leapt onto the stage from the presidential box at Ford’s Theatre after shooting Lincoln in the back of his head. Booth then fled on horseback.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/doctor-samuel-mudd.html</link>
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		<title>President Lincoln’s Response to Horace Greeley</title>
		<description><![CDATA[On August 20, 1862, an open letter from Horace Greeley to President Lincoln entitled; "The Prayer of the Twenty Millions" appeared in the New York Tribune. On August 22, 1862 President Abraham Lincoln’s response to Greeley was published in the New York Times.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/abraham-lincolns-response-to-greeleys-open-letter.html</link>
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		<title>Horace Greeley’s Open Letter</title>
		<description><![CDATA[Horace Greeley was a man with influence during the Civil War. Greeley was an abolitionist and the founder of the New York Tribune. The New York Tribune was critical of President Lincoln.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/horace-greeleys-open-letter-to-president-lincoln.html</link>
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		<title>Civil War Poet Walt Whitman Born This Day in 1819</title>
		<description><![CDATA[Whitman wrote two volumes of poetry about the Civil War: Drum Taps (1865) and Sequel to Drum Taps (1866), after witnessing first-hand the suffering, bravery, wastefulness, heroism, and tragedy of war while working in hospitals during the Civil War.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/the-civil-war-poet-walt-whitman-was-born-on-this-day-in-1819.html</link>
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		<title>Hardtack Recipe</title>
		<description><![CDATA[Hardtack was a typical item in the diet of both Billy Yanks and Johnny Rebs. Hardtack was a quarter-inch thick square of baked unleavened flour.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/hardtack-recipe.html</link>
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		<title>Traveller</title>
		<description><![CDATA[Traveller was General Robert E. Lee’s horse during and after the Civil War. Traveller is the famous "Confederate grey" colored horse so well recognized in Civil War photographs and art.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/traveller.html</link>
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		<title>William Tecumseh Sherman</title>
		<description><![CDATA[On May 4, 1864, General William Tecumseh Sherman begins his march to Atlanta, Georgia. His army numbered 110,000 men. Sherman’s March to the Sea will make history, and make him hated in the South.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/sherman.html</link>
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		<title>The Gettysburg Address</title>
		<description><![CDATA[On November 19, 1863, Abraham Lincoln was in Pennsylvania to help dedicate a new national cemetery at a small crossroads town named Gettysburg. The Battle of Gettysburg was fought on July 1-3, 1863. It was a Union victory.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/the-gettysburg-address.html</link>
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		<title>Abraham Lincoln’s Thanksgiving Day Proclamation</title>
		<description><![CDATA[President Lincoln made his Thanksgiving Proclamation on October 3, 1863. His words "to set apart and observe the last Thursday of November" began the tradition of Thanksgiving.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/abraham-lincolns-thanksgiving-proclamation.html</link>
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		<title>Jennie Wade, Gettysburg Bread Baker</title>
		<description><![CDATA[The sniper’s bullet passed through two doors of the Wade house before it struck Jennie Wade in the small of her back just below the left shoulder blade. Jennie died instantly as the bullet tore through her heart.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/jennie-wade-gettysburg-breadmaker.html</link>
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		<title>Gettysburg, The Third Day</title>
		<description><![CDATA[As the third day of battle began at Gettysburg, the North and South combined had already suffered approximately 35,000 casualties. This casualty number was highest yet for a Civil War battle. Yet on July 3, the number of casualties would only increase, with more and more injuries and deaths. After this day, the normally peaceful crossroads town of Gettysburg would forever be in the lore of American history.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/gettysburg-july-3rd-1863-the-third-day.html</link>
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		<title>Gettysburg, The Second Day</title>
		<description><![CDATA[During the night of July 1, the Confederate and Union armies continued to arrive at the crossroads town of Gettysburg. As dawn came on July 2, approximately 65,000 Rebels faced 85,000 Yankees over Gettysburg's terrain. The Union held the high ground with a fishhook-shaped line that stretched along Cemetery Ridge.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/gettysburg-july-2-1863-the-second-day.html</link>
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		<title>Gettysburg, The First Day</title>
		<description><![CDATA[In June of 1863, Confederate General Robert E. Lee marched his invading Army of Northern Virginia into the Northern states of Maryland and Pennsylvania. This was Lee's second attempt of invading the North, Antietam in September of 1862 being his first try. The goal of this second Confederate invasion was Washington, with Southern victory and a negotiated end of the Civil War. The Confederate plans of invasion and victory would die at the Battle of Gettysburg.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/gettysburg-july-1-1863-the-first-day.html</link>
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		<title>Cold Harbor and a Field Full of Union Blood</title>
		<description><![CDATA[June 6, 1864
During May and June of 1864, Grant&#8217;s Army of the Potomac and Lee&#8217;s Army of Northern Virginia fought a series of battles in Virginia, which included The Wilderness, Spotsylvania, and Cold Harbor. General Ulysses S. Grant was on the attack and his goal was to destroy the Army of Northern Virginia. Cold Harbor [...]]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/cold-harbor-and-a-field-full-of-union-blood.html</link>
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		<title>Who’s Buried in Grant’s Tomb?</title>
		<description><![CDATA[When young Ulysses Grant arrived at West Point, he found his appointment was in the name of Ulysses S. Grant. Grant's parents named him "Hiram Ulysses Grant." Grant never bothered to change the clerical error, so he became known as Ulysses S. Grant.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/whos-buried-in-grants-tomb.html</link>
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		<title>Horses</title>
		<description><![CDATA[Old Sorrel was Confederate General Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson's horse. Stonewall was riding this horse when he was shot by friendly fire at Chancellorsville. Old Sorrel became Jackson's horse in May of 1861 at Harpers Ferry. The horse was about eleven-years-old at this time.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/horses.html</link>
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		<title>Palmito Ranch, the Last Significant Land Battle of the Civil War</title>
		<description><![CDATA[On May 13, 1865 at a place called Palmito Ranch (also called Palmito Hill or Palmetto Ranch, and possibly other variations) near the Rio Grande River in Texas, there is a skirmish between Confederate and Union troops. This skirmish is recognized as the last military action of the Civil War.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/palmito-ranch-the-last-significant-land-battle-of-the-civil-war.html</link>
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		<title>Stonewall Jackson’s Death, GENERAL ORDERS, No. 61</title>
		<description><![CDATA[General Robert E. Lee tells his army about General Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson's death with his General Orders, Number 61.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/stonewall-jacksons-death.html</link>
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		<title>Stonewall Jackson Crosses Over the River</title>
		<description><![CDATA[At Chancellorsville during the night of May 2, Stonewall Jackson is struck three times by friendly fire. A bullet each to Jackson's right hand and left wrist, and a third to his left arm between the shoulder and elbow. The third bullet fractured Jackson’s humerus bone and injured his brachial artery, this wound was very serious and it bled profusely. Very early in the morning of May 3, doctors amputated Jackson's left arm two inches below the shoulder.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/stonewall-jackson-crosses-over-the-river.html</link>
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		<title>Chancellorsville May 3 &#8211; 6, 1863</title>
		<description><![CDATA[Stonewall Jackson, shot by friendly fire the night of May 2, has his mangled left arm amputated early in the morning of May 3 at a field hospital. General Robert E. Lee says of Jackson's importance to him and the Army of Northern Virginia; "He has lost his left arm, but I have lost my right. Any victory would be dear at such a cost."]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/chancellorsville-may-3rd-to-6th-1863.html</link>
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		<title>Chancellorsville May 2, 1863</title>
		<description><![CDATA[Lee knows the Federals hold a good defensive position on the high ground around Chancellorsville and the situation is too risky for a direct attack.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/chancellorsville-may-2nd-1863.html</link>
			</item>
	<item>
		<title>Chancellorsville May 1, 1863</title>
		<description><![CDATA[Chancellorsville is "Lee's Masterpiece" (Chancellorsville is a brick plantation house located in the area known as the Wilderness). At the Battle of Chancellorsville Lee's Army of Northern Virginia is outnumbered by Union Major General Joseph "Fighting Joe" Hooker's Army of the Potomac by more than two to one, yet Robert E. Lee and his "right-arm" General Thomas Jonathan "Stonewall" Jackson, defeat the Federals. Lee's victory at Chancellorsville will provide him his path to Gettysburg, Pennsylvania and another meeting with the Army of the Potomac in early July of 1863.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/chancellorsville-may-1st-1863.html</link>
			</item>
	<item>
		<title>Jefferson Davis Suffers a Personal Tragedy</title>
		<description><![CDATA[Jefferson Davis and his wife Varina Howell Davis had four children, but two of their children died. One of their children died in infancy, then during the Civil War they lost a son to an accident.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/jefferson-davis-suffers-a-personal-tragedy.html</link>
			</item>
	<item>
		<title>The Sultana Disaster</title>
		<description><![CDATA[The Sultana is the deadliest maritime tragedy in United States history.

Camp Fisk, near Vicksburg, Mississippi, was a prisoner of war camp holding many Federal prisoners. On April 10, 1865 Confederate authorities sent orders to Camp Fisk for release on parole of all its prisoners. This order came the day after Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered the Army of Northern Virginia to General Ulysses Grant at Appomattox Court House, Virginia.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/the-sultana-disaster.html</link>
			</item>
	<item>
		<title>John Wilkes Booth, The Actor’s Final Curtain…The Assassin’s Death</title>
		<description><![CDATA[Early the morning of April 26, John Wilkes Booth is nearing his fate. Booth and David Herold (an accomplice in the assassination) are hiding in a tobacco barn owned by Richard H. Garrett near Bowling Green, Virginia. Federal troops commanded by Lieutenant Colonel Everton Conger surround the tobacco barn and Conger orders the suspects to come out and surrender. David Herold gives up and is quickly taken into custody.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/john-wilkes-booth-the-actors-final-curtainthe-assassins-death.html</link>
			</item>
	<item>
		<title>A Confederate Tax, Fishing Season and the Salt Oath</title>
		<description><![CDATA[The Confederate Congress levied a comprehensive "tax in kind" on April 24, because it needed money for funding war efforts. Subject to the tax is one tenth of all land produce for the year of 1863.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/a-confederate-tax-fishing-season-and-the-salt-oath.html</link>
			</item>
	<item>
		<title>Robert E. Lee, Commander of the Virginia Troops</title>
		<description><![CDATA[On April 22, 1861 Robert E. Lee took command of the Virginia troops. Lee fought for the Confederacy because his loyalty was to his home state of Virginia.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/robert-e-lee-commander-of-the-virginia-troops.html</link>
			</item>
	<item>
		<title>In God We Trust</title>
		<description><![CDATA[Under an act of the Federal Congress, the words "In God We Trust" were first stamped on United States coins.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/in-god-we-trust.html</link>
			</item>
	<item>
		<title>Colonel Robert E. Lee Resigns</title>
		<description><![CDATA[Colonel Robert E. Lee of the United States Army, resigns his commission on this day in 1861.

Robert E. Lee was born on January 19, 1807 at Stratford in Westmoreland County, Virginia. Lee spent his youth and adulthood in Northern Virginia. He ranked second in his class when he graduated from West Point in 1829.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/colonel-robert-e-lee-resigns.html</link>
			</item>
	<item>
		<title>The United States of America</title>
		<description><![CDATA[The Union consisted of 23 states at the start of the Civil War. The states remaining in the Union are:

California, Connecticut, *Delaware, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, *Kentucky, Maine, *Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, *Missouri, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, and Wisconsin.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/the-united-states-of-america.html</link>
			</item>
	<item>
		<title>The Confederate States of America</title>
		<description><![CDATA[Here are the states of the Confederacy and their dates of secession from the Union...]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/the-confederate-states-of-america.html</link>
			</item>
	<item>
		<title>President Andrew Johnson</title>
		<description><![CDATA[After the death of President Abraham Lincoln, Andrew Johnson is sworn into office as the 17th president of the United States.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/president-andrew-johnson.html</link>
			</item>
	<item>
		<title>The Confederate Conscription Act</title>
		<description><![CDATA[The Confederacy enacted the first American military draft on April 16, 1862. All healthy white men between the ages of 18 and 35 were liable for a three-year term of service in the Confederate Army. All soldiers already in the army for one-year terms now had their length of enlistment extended to three years.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/the-confederacys-conscription-act.html</link>
			</item>
	<item>
		<title>Abraham Lincoln Now Belongs to the Ages</title>
		<description><![CDATA[President Abraham Lincoln died on April 15, 1865 at 7:22 in the morning. Upon Abraham Lincoln's death, it was reported Secretary of War Edwin Stanton said; "Now he belongs to the ages." Abraham Lincoln's assassination was a tragedy. The nation was in mourning.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/abraham-lincoln-now-belongs-to-the-ages.html</link>
			</item>
	<item>
		<title>Abraham Lincoln Attends a Play</title>
		<description><![CDATA[On April 14, President Abraham Lincoln spent his day visiting with callers and attending a Cabinet meeting. Among those at the Cabinet meeting was General Ulysses Grant, Lincoln explained to Grant that he was having a recurring dream about a ship "moving with great rapidity toward a dark and indefinite shore." Now that the Civil War was over, topics of discussion at the meeting included the problems of reconstruction, and the treatment of former Confederate leaders.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/abraham-lincoln-attends-a-play.html</link>
			</item>
	<item>
		<title>Fort Sumter &#8211; The Civil War Begins</title>
		<description><![CDATA[Confederate Edmund Ruffin fires the first shot of the Civil War at 4:30 in the morning of April 12, when he fires a single mortar upon Union held Fort Sumter in the harbor of Charleston, South Carolina.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/fort-sumter-the-civil-war-begins.html</link>
			</item>
	<item>
		<title>General Robert E. Lee’s Farewell Order</title>
		<description><![CDATA[After General Robert E. Lee surrendered the Army of Northern Virginia to General Grant on April 9, at Appomattox Court House, Virginia he issued the following to his army. Known officially as "General Orders No. 9, it is more commonly known as "General Robert E. Lee's Farewell Order." The Commander in Chief of the Confederate Army is saying goodbye to his loyal army.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/general-robert-e-lees-farewell-order.html</link>
			</item>
	<item>
		<title>Lee Surrenders to Grant</title>
		<description><![CDATA[On April 9, in the parlor of Wilmer McLean's house at Appomattox Court House, Virginia, Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered the Army of Northern Virginia to Union General Ulysses S. Grant. The Confederacy was defeated, and the Union preserved.]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/lee-surrenders-to-grant.html</link>
			</item>
	<item>
		<title>Grant and Lee Plan to Meet</title>
		<description><![CDATA[Following their previous communication on April 7, Grant and Lee now set a time and a place to meet:]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/grant-and-lee-plan-to-meet.html</link>
			</item>
	<item>
		<title>Grant Asks Lee to Surrender</title>
		<description><![CDATA[The life of the Army of Northern Virginia is nearing its end by April 7. The following important events during the Appomattox Campaign have come to pass by this date:]]></description>
		<link>http://www.nellaware.com/blog/grant-asks-lee-to-surrender.html</link>
			</item>
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